PAKISTANI MEDIA K WAZAAIF KA TANQEEDI JAIZA

                  Mojooda dor me media tafrih o maloomat ki farahmi ka ahem zariya hai. Media films, songs, dramon , cartoons , khabron or sports k zariye tafrih-o-maloomat faraham kerta hai. Media k function ko is trah biyaan kertay hain. 

                   Education + Entertainment = Edutainment

                   

                   Information + Entertainment = Infotainment

Jis trah waqt guzarnay k sath sath dusray shobon me tabdiliyan ronuma ho rahi hain bilkul isi trah is shobay me bhi tabdiliyan ronuma ho rahi hain lekin ye tabdiliyan misbat hain ya manfi is per bat hogi.

1) FILMS:

Aaj k dor men filmo men fahashi barhti ja rahi hai. Kuch filmo ko to ban bhi kia gaya hai jaisay phantom, dishoom , haider or agent vinod waghyra. Kuch mah qabal pakistani fim maalik ko bhi ban kia gya tha lekin baad men ye ban utha lia gaya. Filmon men actresses k costumes mukhtasir se mukhtasir hotay ja rahay hain. Hamari filmon men aise bohot se scenes atay hain jin per sensor lagana chie. Filmon ka mayar girta ja raha hai ab fahashi-o-uryaniyat ko hi mayar bana dia gaya hai. Ab pakistani fimon ne acha come back kia hai Pakistan films bollywood films se qadray behtar hain. Ab umeed ki ja rahi hai k pakistani film industry taraqi ki manazil tezi se tay karay gi. Pakistani fimon men wrong number, jawani phir nahi aani , bin roye , na maloom afraad or janaan bohot mashoor hui hain. Ab filmon ki promotion k liye film ki cast mukhtalif tv shows men aati hai jaisay morning shows or reality show jeeto pakistan men. In shows men film k director ya producer film ka over view detay hain takay awaam men dilchaaspi paida ho or wo fim dekhnay cinema jaen.  Cinema men film ki promotion k liye baaz oqaat film ki cast bhi mojood hoti hai or log un k sath selfies letay hain.Ye kafi entertaining hota hai. 

2) CARTOONS:

Ab 3d cartoons a gay hain jaisay alpha and omega, The smurfs 2 or delhi safari waghyra. In ko 3 dimension cartoon kaha jata hai. Ye tasavur 1915 se mojood tha lekin ye 2000s men ziada kamiyaab hua. Is ki ahem misaal AVATAR hai jo december 2009 or january 2010 men paish kia gaya. Cartoons edutainment provide kertay hain yani aisay cartoons jin men bachon ko tafreeh k sath taleem bhi faraham ki jaye. Is ki ahem misaal Little Einsteins, Sid the science kid , curious George or Dora The Explorer hain.

                Ab cartoons men bhi bht ziada vulgarity a gai hai. Cartoons men bhi wese hi costumes istemaal ho rahay hain jaisay hollywod movies men hotay hain.Is se bachon ka zahen kharab ho sakta hai lahaaza is per sensor laganay ki zaroorat hai.

3)  SONGS:

Songs tafrih ka ahem sabab hain phir chahay wo audio hon ya video.  Ab smart phone ka dor hai to aap kabhi bhi songs sun saktay hain. Agar safar k doraan songs sunay jaen to safar acha guzarta hai. Songs sun'nay k liye smart phones, tab , mp3 ,mp4 or ipod use kiye jatay hain kyun k ye portable devices hain. Pehle zamanay men songs sun'nay k liye radio or gramophone istemaal hotay thay . Us waqt science ne itni taraqi nahi ki thi or  logon k pas itni facilities  nahi thi. Music k baray men kaha jata hai k:
                      " Moseeqi rooh ki ghiza hai"  OR     " Music is food for the soul"
Music ki kuch types hoti hain.
1) Folk music
2) Pop music
3) Classical music

              Aaj kal songs men bht kharab zaban or alfaaz istemaal ho rahay hain. Lyris bohot hi zaida behuda hotay hain. Agar video ki bat karen to wo to dekhnay k qaabil hi ni hoti, Pehle songs men tameez k dairey men rehtay huay tameez ki zaban istemaal ki jati thi or videos bhi itni behuda nahi hoti theen. Ab songs muhazib gharano men sath beth ker nahi sun saktay.

4) DRAMAS:

Aaj kal Paakistani dramon ki bari dhoom hai. Ab Pakistani dramay India men bhi dekhay ja rahay hain jin men Bashar momin or Humsafar qaabil-e-zikr hain. 19s men bhi Pakistani dramay bohot mayari hua kertay thay lekin jab 2000 men cable a gaya to log us se fascinate huay. Us waqt aik bari abaadi star plus dekhnay lagi jis men back to back dramay atay thay lekin ab phir Pakistani dramon ne apna khoya hua muqaam haasil ker lia hai. Ab digest k novels ko dramon ki shakal men paish kia ja raha hai. Is tarah digest writer ko bhi shohrat haasil hoti hai. Dramay ki promotion k liye drama start honay se pehle dramay ki cast morning shows men shirkat kerti hai. 

        Jab Pakistani media ko star plus ki fahashi dikhanay se sukoon mila to turkey k behuda dramay dikhanay shuru ker diye. Kuch Pakistani cannels per bhi gher mulki dramay dikhaye jatay hain jin men urdu 1, A plus . Geo kahani or Filmazia shamil hain. Naye or puraanay dramon men ye farq paaya jata hai.

1 ) JOINT FAMILY SYSTEM: 

           Pehle dramon men sab log qareebi rishtedaar aik ghar men mil jul ker rehtay thay , logon men mohobbat thi or un men wabastgi paai jati thi. Ab log alag alag gharon men rehtay hain , baray baray banglay dikhaye jatay hain lekin log aik dusray se bezaar hain or aik dusray k khilaaf saazishon men lagay rehtay hain. 

2) BE HAYAAI: 

               Pakistani dramon men sensor ki ashad zaroorat hai kyun k be hayaai had se barhti ja rahi hai. actresses k libaas simat rahay hain or bareek hotay ja rahay hain. Is k ilawa dupattay ka tasavur to khatam hi hota ja raha hai. Ab dramon men pregnancy or rape jaisay alfaaz ka tawatar se istemaal ho raha hai. 

3)  SAQAAFATI  DRAMAY:

                     Pehle k dramon men Pakistan k tamaam soobon ki saqafat ko dikhatay thay. Is trah aik soobay k logon ko dusray soobon ki saqafat se waqfiyat haasil hoti thi or apnay mulk ki tehzeeb-o-saqafat se lagao paida hota tha. Is ki ahem misaal drama marvi or jungle hain. Lekin ab dramay ishq-o-mohobbat  k daiyre tak mehdood ho gay hain.

4) HIRS-O-TAMA:

                 Dramay ma'ashray ki abaadi k status ko dekh ker bananay chahiyen. Hamary mulk ki  beshter abaadi ghurbat ka  shikaar hai lekin hamray dramon men is bat ko yaksar nazar andaaz ker dia jata hai or aisay dramay dikhaye jata hain jin men log crores ki baten kertay hain or aalishan banglon or kothion men rehtay hain. Aisay dramay dekh ker logon men hirs paida hota hai wo aasaishaat k husool k liye jaraim (crimes) ki taraf raaghib hotay hain.

5)RISHTON MEN MOHOBBAT:

                     Pehle logon men mohobbat paai jaati thi , log aikdusray se waabasta thay or aik dusray ki qadar kerna jantay thay. Is liye us waqt k dramay bhi is baat ki akaasi kertay thay. Lekin ab khooni rishte aamnay samnay hain or rishton per se logon ka aitebaar uthta ja raha hai. Ab dramon men behen ko behen ka dushman dikha rahay hain.

5) NEWS:

           Pakistan me mojooda dor men news channels ki bharmaar hai. Ab khabron men serious issue ko bhi non serious bana dia jata hai jaisay political leaders per filmi ganay laga diye  jatay hain or news casters cheekh cheekh ker khabren sunatay hain or is trah zra si baat ko ahem khabar bana detay hain. Is trah ma'ashray men sansani paida hoti hai or log ghabra jatay hain. Is k ilawa khabron men jo zabaan  istemaal ho rahi hai wo shurfa ki zabaan se mail nai khaati jaisay company malkaan ne arbon rupay harap liye or shaheeno ne bengal tigers ko dhool  chata di etc yani khabron men shiddat pasandi ka izhaar hota hai. Khabarnamay men khabron k darmiyan music ka partition hota hai jis se khabron ki sanjeedgi muta'asir hoti hai. 

                                                                 

                                      BENISH PERVEZ  (MA PREVIOUS)

PAKISTAN KI SAQAFATEIN

SINDH KI SAQAFAT

MAHAJIRON KI SAQAFAT :-

Mahajir taleem yafta , muhazib aur ba akhlaq log hotay hain . In ka libaas sadah aur deeda zeb hota hai , mard amooman kurta pajama zeb-e-tan karte hain aur khawateen shalwar qameez aur sarhi pehana pasand karti hain . In ki zaban urdu hai . In k riwayati khanon mein nargisi kaftay , pulao , shami kabab waghaira mashoor hain .

BOHRI SAQAFAT :-

Bohri sulah pasand aur aman pasand log hotay hain jahan mard khaas sherwani pehnte hain aur makhsoos topi lagate hain jis per zari ka kaam hota hai aur khwateen khaas burqa pehnti hain jo mdo hison per mushtamil hota hai . Yeh log gujrati bolte hain aur karobari hotay hain .

SINDHI SAQAFAT :-

Dheema lehja aur meethi boli inki pehchan hai aur sab se qadeem saqafat honay ka aizaz bhi inhen hasil hai . In ka libaas bht hi riwayati aur mashoor hai jis mein mard topi aur ajrak ka istemal karte hain  aur khwateen sheeshay aur dhaagon se banay hue rangeen kaprhay pehana pasand karti hain . Yahan mauseeqi k saazon mein alghoza , harmonium aur iktara mashoor hain . In k riwayati khanay chawal ki roti , machli aur aabi parinday hain . Inka riwayati khel malakhrha hai .

THAR KI SAQAFAT :-

Thar k bashinday jo zaban boltay hain usko tharri kehte hain . Inka zariya-e-maash maweshi palna hai . Khwateen apne makhsoos libaas aur zewarat ki wajah se bht mashoor hain .Yahan per logon ki aksariat hindu hai .

PUNJAB KI SAQAFAT

SARAIKI SAQAFAT:-

Saraiki bolne walay charon soobon mein abad hain . Inki saqafat bht munfarid hai . Yeh log sada-loh aur mehman nawaz hotay hain aur zyada tar transport k shobay wabasta hotay hain . 

CHOLISTAN KI SAQAFAT:-

Cholistan ki saqafat mein sindh aur punjab dono ka rang paya jata hai . In k khanay sadah hotay hain aur inka pesha maweshi palna hai

PUNJABI SAQAFAT:-

Punjab k log bht mehnati , jafa-kash aurmehman nawaz hotay hain . Inki zaban punjabi hai jis k mukhtalif lab-o-lehjay pae jatay hain . Mard dhobi kurta , khwateen lacha aur kurta zeb-e-tan karti hain . Yahan k paranday apni misaal ap hain aur in k ilawah mard khussay aur khwateen munda pehna pasand karti hain . In k riwayati khanay saag , makai ki roti aur lassi hain . In k mashoor khel gadka aur kabbadi hain . In k mashoor raqs bhangrha , sammi aur luddi hain . In ki aksariyat zaraat k peshay se wabasta hai . Pak fauj k zyada tar jawanon aur afsaron ka talluq bhi isi soobay se hai .

KHYBER PUKHTUNKHWA KI SAQAFAT

SWAT KI SAQAFAT:-

Yahan k log khubsurat , sehat mand aur jafakash hotay hain . Yahan k log taleem yafta , aitidal pasand aur jidat pasand hotay hain .

KAILASH KI SAQAFAT:-

Yahan k logon ka talluq qadeem younan se hai isi waja se in ki zaban kailashi mein younan ka ansar paya jata hai . In k apne munfarid mazhabi aqaid hain .Inka zariya-e-muash sayahat aur kheti barhi hai . Inki khwateen ka makhsoos libaas hota hai . Yahan ki khwateen k baal banane ka tareeqa bhi bht mashoor hai .

PUKHTOONON KI SAQAFAT:-

 Pukhtoon bht hi jeedar , ghairat mand aur bahadur hotay hain . Yeh log bht hi khubsurat hotay hain . Inki zabaan pashto hai . In k riwayati khanon mein namkeen gosht , chapli kabab , sajji waghaira shamil hai . Khushk mewah jaat aur mukhtalif iqsam k phal yahan wafir miqdar mein pae jatay hain . Shalwar qameez , pagrhi aur waskit in ka makhsoos libaas hai  . Yahan ki riwayati peshawari chappal dunya bhar mein bht mashoor hai . Yahan ka makhsoos raqs khattak dance hai .

MANSEHRA KI SAQAFAT :-

Yahan k log bht mehnati aur jafakash hotay hain . Yahan ki boli janay wali zabaan hinko hai . In k khanay khyber Pukhtunkhwa k deegar khanon ki tarah hotay hain . 

GILGIT BALTISTAN KI SAQAFAT

Gilgit Baltistan ki apni munfarid saqafat hai . Yahan ki boli janay wali zabaan balti hai . In ka apna munfarid libaas hai jis mein par wali topi , waskit aur koti shamil hai . Inka apna makhsoos raqs bhi hai . In ka makhsoos khel polo aur chogan hai jo inka qaumi khel bhi hai .

KASHMIR KI SAQAFAT

Yeh aik dilkash saqafat hai . Yahan ki boli janay wali zabaan kashmiri hai . Yahan k apne makhsoos libaas hain jin mein shawl aur dhagay ki karhai k kaprhay shamil hain .Yahan k riwayati khanon mein kashmiri chai aur kasmiri pulao apni misaal aap hain .

BALOCHISTAN KI SAQAFAT

MAKRANI SAQAFAT:-

Yeh saqafat sindh aur balochistan ki sahili patti per aabad hai . Yahan k logon ko rajaon k dor mein ghulamon ki haisiat se america se laya gaya tha . Inka zariya-e-muash maahi geeri hai aur in ka apna makhsoos afreeqi raqs hai . 

BRAHWI SAQAFAT:-

Inki saqafat bht munfarid aur barhi nsaqafat hai . Inki saqafat balochi saqafat se bilkul mukhtalif . Yeh log drawrhi nasal se talluq rakhte hain . Inki zabaan bht qadeem hai aur in ki apni munfarid rasmein hain .

BALOCHI SAQAFAT:-

Yahan ki boli janay wali zabaan balochi hai . Yeh log bht sadah log hotay hain . In k han zyada tar qabaili culture ka rang maujood hai . In ki khwateen k makhsoos libaas hotay hain aur mardon ki makhsoos chappal hoti hai jissay chawat kehte hain .

BALOCHISTAN KI HAZARAH SAQAFAT:-

Hazarah qabeelay k log taleem yafta hotay hain aur zyada tar sarkari mulazmat se wabasta hotay hain . In ki zabaan darri hai . In logon ka taaluq changez khan ki nasal se hai , in k riwayati khanon mein mantoo, namkeen gosht aur khameeri roti bht mashoor hai .

BALOCHISTAN KI PAKHTOON SAQAFAT:-

Yahan k log bht mehnati aur jafakash hotay hain . Yahan boli janay wali zabaan pashto hai , inka lehja kpk mein boli janay wali pushto se mukhtalif hota hai . Inki aksariat ka pesha tijarat aur transport hai .

PHOTO COURTESY : GOOGLE IMAGES

                             ZARA KHALID 

                              M.A (previous)

SHADI  SE PEHLE OR BAAD K NA JAAIZ TA'ALUQAAT

                    Na mehram se ta'aluqaat shadi se pehle hon ya baaad men na jaaiz hi kehlatay hain. Is liye Islam men nikah ko itni ahmiyat di gayi hai or yehi asal ta'aluqaat hain jo shohar k bivi se or bivi k shohar se nikah k bad qaaim hotay hain. Is liye Islam jaldi shadi krnay ka hukum deta hai.  Hadees pak men hai k :

                     "Jis ne shadi ki us ne apna aadha deen bacha lia"

                       

Shadi k baad jo mard hazraat bahar apnay ta'aluqaat banatay hain uski bohot si wujuhat ho sakti hain aik waja to ye hai k unka mizaaj hi aisa hai ya phir ghar men unko apni biwi se bharpoor tawaja nahi mil rahi. Is liye wo bahar ki larkiyon men dilchaspi lenay lagtay hain, kuch chori chupay to kuch hat dharmi se khulay aam. Ye sab bohot zamano se har ma'ashray me hota a raha hai. Lekin pehle ye sab dhaka chupa tha lekin mobile phone or internet yani jadeed technology k anay k baad ye sab bohot aam ho gya hai. Jadeed technology ne mobile or internet per na mehram se baat kerna ya taaluqat qaaim krna bohot asaan ker dia hai or logon ko is jaanib raaghib kia hai. 

Saari saari rat kisi anjaan shakhs se mobile ya net  per baten krna , hoteling kerna or ghoomna phirna ab bari ya baais-e-sharam baat nahi samjhi jati. Kuch log sath ghoomnay phirnay ko hi bohot samajhtay hain or kuch log to saari hudood paar ker jatay hain. Niyat men khot zra sa aaye ya ziada, khot to a gaya or bharosa bhi kharaab hua lekin be rahravi ka shikaar logon kio is baat ka  ehsaas nahi hota or wo ye sab krna apna haq samajhtay hain. Mard hazraat ko shikayat hoti hai k unki biwi ghar or bachon ki waja se unko time nahi de pa rahi. Jab k khawateen ko shikayat  hoti hai k un ka shohar office men hi masroof rehta hai or unko time  nahi de pata. Aisi khawateen shohar se dilbardashta ho ker bahar tafreeh dhoondne nikal jati hain ya phir wo aurten jin k shohar beron-e-mulk men job kertay hain wo aurten bhi ghair mardon se na jaaiz ta'aluqaat qaaim ker leti hain.Lekin aisi khawateen ki ta'dad bohot kam hoti hai. Khawateen mard ki be twajahi  or harjana pan ko nazar andaaz ker k khud ko apnay bachon or ghar men masroof ker leti hain kyun k wo is baat per yaqeen rakhti hain k unka shohar jahan bhi gaya hai ghar ya bachon ki khatir un k paas hi lout ker aye ga.

                 " Bs aik yehi baat achi rahi mere harjaai ki"

      Hamari filmon or dramon men bhi na jaaiz ta'aluqaat ko farogh dia ja raha hai jaisay udaari, dil-e-beqaraar or zara yaad ker wghyra. Is buraai ko barhanay men media ahem kirdaar ada ker raha hai. Is k ilawa dramon or filmon k zariye dusri shaadi k riwaaj ko barhaya j raha hai jaisay hum nasheen, dua or dusri biwi wghyra. Baaz mard hazraat Islam men dusri shaadi ki ijaazat ka na jaaiz faida uthatay huay dusri larkiyon men dilchaspi lenay lagtay hain. Islam ne dusri shadi ki ijaazat k sath ye baat bhi lazmi qaraar di hai k dono biviyon k sath masaavi sulook rawa rakha jay.  Lekin mard apnay mehdood wasaail ko nazr andaz ker k or in ahkamaat ko pus-e-pusht daal ker dusri shadi racha letay hain, aisi shaadi mazeed masaail ko janam deti hai is ki behtareen misaal guzishta baras ARY per  paish kia janay  wala drama "rang laga" hai. 

               Ab shadi se pehle k na jaaiz ta'aluqaat per nazar daaltay hain. Media per paish kiye janay walay dramon or filmon ka asar bachon per baron se kahin ziada hota hai. Unka kacha zehan bohot jaldi media k asar ko qubool ker leta hai. Media ki waja se bachay waqt se pehle baray ho gay hain. Media k sath sath bachon ki be rahravi k peechay walden ki ghaflat ka bhi hath hai. Waalden bachon ko school, college or university bhej ker bilkul be fikr ho jatay hain or is baat se anjaan rehtay hain k un k bachay ki wahan kaisi sargarmiyan hain. Jab walden ko un k mashaghill ka ilm hota hai to pani sir per se guzar chuka hota hai. Jaisay guzishta baras metric class k do talba ne khud ko goli maar ker halaak kr dia, wo bhi sirf is waja se k un k walden unki shadi karanay per razamand  na thay. Ye koi filmi ya dramai scene maloom hota hai, yaqeenan ye  bachon k apnay zehen ki paidawaar nahi hai balkay media ki karastani hai. Aaj kal school, college or university men class fellow se na jaaiz ta'aluqaat qaaim kerna or usay piyaar-o-mohabbat ka naam dena bohot aam ho chuka hai. Mustaqbil k wo maymaar jin k liye hamaray aaba-o-ajdaad ne baray baray khuab dekhay wo aaj ishq-o-mohabbat ki bheent charh gay.

                             Bahar haal abhi bhi waqt hai isko control kiya ja sakta hai . Zaroori hai k is silsilay men munaasib iqdamaat kiye jaen or media se islaahi kaam liya jay to umeed hai k hum Pakistan k mustaqbil ko tareek honay se bacha saken gay.

                                             BENISH PERVEZ

                                                 MA (previous)